Fly fishing on the Yellowstone River in Montana is an unforgettable experience that offers some great angling opportunities and outstanding scenery. Here’s an overview to help you plan a successful fishing trip to this iconic river.
Location and Access
The Yellowstone River begins in Wyoming and flows across the state of Montana, offering abundant public access and lovely mountain views. A large portion of the upper Yellowstone River lies in Yellowstone National Park. The river flows north out of the park, through what is known as Paradise Valley, for about 60 miles before taking a turn east near the town of Livingston. The river continues flowing north and east until it joins the Missouri River near the Montana-North Dakota border.
Most people, who are interested in catching trout, fish the section of river between Gardiner and Livingston. The access in this stretch is good as there is a highway that runs along the river with lots of state owned access points and boat launches. The fishing can be quite good here too.
The cities of Bozeman, Livingston, Gardiner, and Emigrant are probably the best places to find lodging. Bozeman and Livingston have more restaurants and nightlife if that interests you. Gardiner and Emigrant are much smaller but offer quick and easy river access.
Fish Species
The Yellowstone River is known for a variety of trout species, including cutthroat, rainbow, brown, and mountain whitefish. Brown trout, in particular, can grow to impressive sizes here.
Seasons
Different sections of the river have different fishing regulations, and open seasons, so study up before you plan a trip. In Yellowstone National Park, the season begins the Saturday of Memorial Day weekend (usually the last weekend in May) and extends through October 31. Once you get outside the park and into Montana technically you can fish the Yellowstone any time of year, according to the current regulations (regulations change so please check fwp.mt.gov/fish before you go). However, most people like to fish when temperatures are above freezing, so that limits the season to mid-spring through mid-fall.
Spring – Early to mid spring can be very good fishing and the tourists have yet to arrive in full force so it shouldn’t be to crowded. Once runoff hits the river conditions can be challenging until early summer. The US Geological Survey measures streamflow at several locations along the river and post them on their website (waterdata.usgs.gov). Here is a link to the USGS streamflow data for the Yellowstone River at Livingston.
Summer – Summer is a fantastic time for dry fly fishing, with good hatches of caddis, stoneflies, and mayflies. Long days and pleasant weather make this the most popular time to fish. Expect lots of other fisherman and recreational boaters on the water.
Fall -The fall season, particularly September and October, can be excellent for targeting big browns pre and post spawn. The river is usually less crowded and the fishing can be quite good.
Fishing Techniques
Fly fishing on the Yellowstone River allows for a range of techniques, including dry fly, nymph, and streamer fishing. The river is known for its diverse hatches, making dry fly fishing a popular choice. Although nymphing is probably the most productive way to fish the river under most circumstances.
Guides and Outfitters
Consider hiring a local fly fishing guide who can provide you with valuable advice, equipment, and access to prime fishing spots. They can really enhance your experience and help you make the most of your time in a new place.
Things To Watch Out For
Peak Runoff – If the river is the color of your latte and there are whole trees floating by then it’s probably best to find another place to fish.
Bears – Grizzley Bear recovery in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem has been a real wildlife success story. It has been so successful that it’s not a bad idea to carry some bear spray while fishing this area.
Other Activities
If you want a break from fishing the surrounding area offers plenty of other fun outdoor activities. The Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem offers excellent hiking, wildlife watching, and hunting opportunities. There are even some cool city things to do like visiting the Museum of the Rockies to see all kinds of dinosaur fossils!
A fishing trip on the Yellowstone River should be on the bucket list of every angler. With a little research and planning your adventure on the Yellowstone River should be a memorable and rewarding experience.
Yellowstone River Map
This map shows the upper Yellowstone River in northern Wyoming and southwestern Montana. Fishing access sites are represented with orange circles. Other public land (more potential fishing access) is shaded blue (for state managed parcels) and green (for US Forest Service managed land).
